What is RAS? Understanding Robot-Assisted Surgery

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RAS stands for Robot-Assisted Surgery, a modern surgical approach where advanced technology is used to support the surgeon during minimally invasive procedures. In Upper GI surgery, RAS allows for enhanced precision, improved visualisation and greater control, particularly in complex or delicate operations.


In this article, we cover:

  • What robotic hernia surgery is
  • How robotic surgery works
  • The difference between robotic and laparoscopic hernia repair
  • Who may benefit from a robotic approach
  • The potential advantages and considerations
  • What to expect from surgery and recovery

What is RAS? Understanding Robot-Assisted Surgery

Robotic hernia surgery is a form of minimally invasive (keyhole) surgery where the procedure is performed using a robotic surgical system.

Despite the name, the surgical robot does not perform the operation independently. The surgeon remains in full control at all times, using a console to guide highly specialised instruments that translate hand movements into precise actions inside the body.

This approach is part of a broader shift towards robotic upper GI and general surgery, where technology is used to enhance surgical precision, particularly in delicate or complex areas.

surgical robot
surgeon operating surgical robot

How does robotic hernia surgery work?

During robotic hernia repair, several small incisions are made, similar to laparoscopic surgery. Through these, a camera and instruments are inserted.

The key difference is in how the surgeon operates:

  • A high-definition, magnified 3D view provides detailed visualisation
  • Instruments have a greater range of motion than rigid laparoscopic instruments, and are designed to perform with the same dexterity and finesse as a human hand.
  • Movements are stabilised and refined for precision

This can allow for more controlled dissection and suturing, particularly in areas that are difficult to access.

Robotic vs laparoscopic hernia repair

Laparoscopic surgery remains the standard approach for many hernia repairs and continues to provide excellent outcomes. Robotic surgery builds on this by offering additional technical advantages for the surgeon.

Laparoscopic surgery:

  • 2D camera view
  • Fixed instrument movement
  • Highly effective for straightforward cases

What is RAS? Understanding Robot-Assisted Surgery

  • 3D magnified view
  • Greater instrument flexibility and control
  • May be advantageous in complex or revisional surgery

Both techniques are minimally invasive and the most appropriate approach depends on the individual patient and the type of hernia.

Who may benefit from robotic hernia surgery?

Robotic hernia surgery is not necessary for every patient, even though there are only very few situations where a robotic surgeon will favour laparoscopy over the robotic option. However, it may be particularly helpful in situations such as:

  • Recurrent hernias (where a previous repair has failed)
  • Larger or more complex hernias
  • Hernias requiring more intricate reconstruction
  • Patients with prior abdominal surgery or scar tissue

A detailed consultation is important to determine the safest and most effective surgical approach.

Benefits of robotic hernia surgery

For appropriately selected patients, robotic surgery may offer:

  • Smaller incisions and minimal scarring
  • Reduced post-operative pain
  • Greater precision during repair
  • Improved ability to operate in complex cases
  • Faster return to normal activities

It’s important to note that outcomes also depend on factors such as the type of hernia and overall patient health.

surgery performed robotically

Are there any risks or limitations of robotic hernia surgery?

As with any surgical procedure, robotic hernia surgery carries risks, including bleeding, infection and the risk of hernia recurrence.

Robotic surgery is also not required in all cases. For many straightforward hernias, laparoscopic repair remains a highly effective and appropriate option.

The goal is always to choose the approach that provides the best outcome for each individual patient, rather than applying a single technique to all cases.

What to expect from robotic surgery and recovery

Robotic hernia surgery is performed under a general anaesthetic.

Most patients:

  • Go home within 1 to 2 days
  • Experience manageable discomfort in the first few days
  • Return to normal daily activities relatively quickly

Recovery timelines can vary depending on the size and complexity of the hernia, as well as individual factors.

When should you seek advice?

If you have been diagnosed with a hernia, or are experiencing symptoms such as a visible bulge, discomfort or pain, it’s important to seek specialist advice.

Understanding your options — including whether a robotic approach is appropriate — can help you make an informed decision about your care. Contact our team if you would like more information or to book an appointment with one of our specialists. 

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